What is an ETF vs stock?
The biggest difference between ETFs and stocks is that a stock represents ownership in a single company, whereas an exchange-traded fund is a collection of investable assets and securities, including stocks and bonds. Both can be bought and sold during the day when the stock market is open.
Because of their wide array of holdings, ETFs provide the benefits of diversification, including lower risk and less volatility, which often makes a fund safer to own than an individual stock. An ETF's return depends on what it's invested in. An ETF's return is the weighted average of all its holdings.
At any given time, the spread on an ETF may be high, and the market price of shares may not correspond to the intraday value of the underlying securities. Those are not good times to transact business. Make sure you know what an ETF's current intraday value is as well as the market price of the shares before you buy.
The low investment threshold for most ETFs makes it easy for a beginner to implement a basic asset allocation strategy that matches their investment time horizon and risk tolerance. For example, young investors might be 100% invested in equity ETFs when they are in their 20s.
ETFs are less risky than individual stocks because they are diversified funds. Their investors also benefit from very low fees.
- ProShares Bitcoin Strategy ETF (BITO)
- Invesco QQQ Trust (QQQ)
- Vanguard Information Technology ETF (VGT)
- VanEck Semiconductor ETF (SMH)
- Invesco S&P MidCap Momentum ETF (XMMO)
- SPDR S&P Homebuilders ETF (XHB)
- Invesco S&P 500 GARP ETF (SPGP)
One of the ways that investors make money from exchange traded funds (ETFs) is through dividends that are paid to the ETF issuer and then paid on to their investors in proportion to the number of shares each holds.
It is unlikely for its asset to go up 100% in a single day and so, an ETF can't become zero. An ETF follows a particular index and the securities are present at the same weight in it. So, it can be zero when all the securities go to zero.
Liquidation of ETFs is strictly regulated; when an ETF closes, any remaining shareholders will receive a payout based on what they had invested in the ETF. Receiving an ETF payout can be a taxable event.
Low Liquidity
If an ETF is thinly traded, there can be problems getting out of the investment, depending on the size of your position relative to the average trading volume. The biggest sign of an illiquid investment is large spreads between the bid and the ask.
What are the top 5 ETFs to buy?
ETF | Ticker | Assets Under Management (AUM) |
---|---|---|
Vanguard S&P 500 ETF | (NYSEMKT:VOO) | $435.2 billion |
Invesco QQQ Trust | (NASDAQ:QQQ) | $259.6 billion |
Vanguard Growth ETF | (NYSEMKT:VUG) | $118.8 billion |
iShares Core S&P Small-Cap ETF | (NYSEMKT:IJR) | $79.8 billion |
You expose your portfolio to much higher risk with sector ETFs, so you should use them sparingly, but investing 5% to 10% of your total portfolio assets may be appropriate. If you want to be highly conservative, don't use these at all.
Also, beyond an ETF share price, there is no minimum amount to invest, unlike for mutual funds. Any broker can turn an investor into a new ETF holder via a straightforward brokerage account. Investors can easily access the market or submarket they want to be in.
1. Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO -0.83%) Legendary investor Warren Buffett has said that the best investment the average American can make is a low-cost S&P 500 index fund like the Vanguard S&P 500 ETF.
ETFs and index mutual funds tend to be generally more tax efficient than actively managed funds. And, in general, ETFs tend to be more tax efficient than index mutual funds. You want niche exposure. Specific ETFs focused on particular industries or commodities can give you exposure to market niches.
Like any business, even low-cost ETFs need to generate revenue to cover their costs. Like any business, even low-cost ETFs need to generate revenue to cover their costs. Plenty of ETFs fail to garner the assets necessary to cover these costs and, consequently, ETF closures happen regularly.
Symbol | Name | Avg Daily Share Volume (3mo) |
---|---|---|
SPY | SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust | 73,711,102 |
TQQQ | ProShares UltraPro QQQ | 72,739,305 |
SOXL | Direxion Daily Semiconductor Bull 3x Shares | 71,673,344 |
XLF | Financial Select Sector SPDR Fund | 47,652,930 |
Fund (ticker) | YTD performance | Expense ratio |
---|---|---|
Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (VOO) | 10.4 percent | 0.03 percent |
SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (SPY) | 10.4 percent | 0.095 percent |
iShares Core S&P 500 ETF (IVV) | 10.4 percent | 0.03 percent |
Invesco QQQ Trust (QQQ) | 8.6 percent | 0.20 percent |
It's possible to live off the income from high-dividend ETFs, but it may take some planning. You can find high-dividend ETFs by analyzing the ETF selection in your brokerage account.
Which ETF has the highest dividend?
Symbol | Name | Dividend Yield |
---|---|---|
TSL | GraniteShares 1.25x Long Tesla Daily ETF | 117.61% |
KLIP | KraneShares China Internet and Covered Call Strategy ETF | 61.94% |
TSLY | YieldMax TSLA Option Income Strategy ETF | 59.37% |
CONY | YieldMax COIN Option Income Strategy ETF | 56.65% |
Types of dividends
Moreover, the investor must own the shares in the ETF paying the dividend for more than 60 days during the 121-day period that begins 60 days before the ex-dividend date. This means if you actively trade ETFs, you probably can't meet this holding requirement.
ETFs. Investment funds are a strategic option during a recession because they have built-in diversification, minimizing volatility compared to individual stocks. However, the fees can get expensive for certain types of actively managed funds.
Key Takeaways
For most ETFs, selling after less than a year is taxed as a short-term capital gain. ETFs held for longer than a year are taxed as long-term gains. If you sell an ETF, and buy the same (or a substantially similar) ETF after less than 30 days, you may be subject to the wash sale rule.
ETF trading generally occurs in-kind, meaning they are not redeemed for cash. Mutual fund shares can be redeemed for money at the fund's net asset value for that day. Stocks are bought and sold using cash.
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